UNIT 3 : Dictionary skills and Information Gathering and Processing Skills
UNIT 3: Affixes and Spell Check
General Objectives:
To use the dictionary as a reference in order to ascertain or confirm words
pronunciation, meaning, spelling and grammar effectively and
independently.
Specific Objectives:
By the end of this unit, you should be able to:
- understand the formation of different classes of words through the use of affixes
- understand the meanings of meanings
- use affixes correctly
- transform words using appropriate affixes
- check on the spelling of words and consistently use correct spelling in written work
- use the dictionary and spell check tools on the words processor (done by those who have access to computers)
- Affixes
Specific Objectives:
By the end of this unit, you should be able to:
- understand the formation of different classes of words through the use of affixes
- understand the meanings of affixes
- use affixes correctly
- transform words using appropriate affixes
Input
Affix is a group of letters added to the beginning or the end of a word. It changes the meaning or the function of words. Letters added to the beginning of the word is called a prefix and those added to the end of the word is called a suffix. A prefix changes the meaning of the word, for example, ‘untie’. Some other examples of prefixes are dis-, trans-, pre-, sub-, anti-, etc. Whereas suffix changes the grammatical function of a word, for example, by adding ‘er’ to ‘write’ we get ‘writer’ and change a verb into a noun. Other examples of suffixes are –able, -tion, -less, -ly, -ment etc.
Some common prefixes and suffixes.
Prefixes
a-, ab
an
ante-
anti
arch-, archi-
auto-
bi-
co-,com-,con-
contra-, counter-
de-
dis-
e-, ex-
extra-
fore-
in-
in-,im-
inter
intro-
mis-
non-
ob-
over-
per-
peri-
post-
pre
quasi-
re-
retro-
semi-
sub-
super-,sup-
sym-, syn-
tele-
trans-
ultra-
un-
with-
Meaning
From , away
Without
before
against
first, chief
self
two
together
against
away from
opposite of
out of, from
beyond
front
in,on
not
among, between
inside
wrong
not
against
excessive, above
through
around
after
before
seemingly
again, back
backward
half
under
above, over
together
at a distance
across, over
beyond
not, the opposite
against, back
Example
Apart, abstract
Anarchy, anomaly
Anti-aircraft
antecedent
archbishop, archipelago
autobiography
bicycle
cooperate, combine,
confer
contradict, counter-attack
depart
discontent
eject, export
extraordinary
forehead
install, inscribe
indirect, imperfect
interchange
introduce
mislead
nonconformist
object
overweight, overhead
perceive
perimeter
postscript
preview
quasi-official
recur, repay
retrograde
semicircle
submarine
superhuman, surcharge
symposium, syndicate
telegram, television
transatlantic
ultraviolet
unable, unfasten
withstand, withhold
Suffixes
-able, -ible
-al
-an
-ance
-ant
-age
-cy
-ed
-en
-ence
-ent
-er
-er, -or
-ese
-ess
-est
-ful
-fy
-hood
-ic
-ier, -yer
-ion
-ish
-ist
-ism
-ize
-less
-let
-ly
-ment
-most
-ness
-ship
-tion
-tude
-ure
-ward
Meaning
that can be
of, like, having the nature; act of
having to do with; a native of
act of
one who
act, condition, or collection of
state of being
having, characterized by
cause to be or to have
state of being
one who
more
a person or thing that does something
of or pertaining to
female
most
full of
make, cause to be
state of being
having the nature of
a person concerned with
act, condition, or result of
like, tending to
a person who
action, doctrine, quality
cause to become
without, that does not
small
in a matter
act or state of
most
state or quality of being
state or quality of being, position or rank
act or state of, condition of being
quality, state of
act or fact
in the direction of
Example
obtainable, digestible
ornamental, arrival
Shakespearian, Singaporean
performance
attendant
breakage, bondage, baggage
bankruptcy
bearded, honeyed
weaken, strengthen
absence
president
longer, smarter
reporter, actor
Chinese
heiress
warmest., nearest
cheerful
simplify, horrify
boyhood
artistic
financier, lawyer
admission, fascination, collection
childish, bookish
tourist
socialism, heroism
crystallize
homeless, ceaseless
booklet
cheerfully
enjoyment
foremost
darkness, goodness
friendship, professorship
action, exhaustion
gratitude, solitude
failure
toward
Task 1
The meaning of the following prefix and suffix.
1. Timer mode is disengaged.
_________________________________
2. Breaks are noticeable in Hi-Fi soundtrack.
__________________________________
3. Insert a cassette, or using adhesive tape, reseal the slot where the tab was removed.
_________________________________________________________________
4. The recorder’s preset positions have been set incorrectly.
_____________________________________________
Task 2
Add the correct prefix to the following words.
Possible |
|
Load |
|
Set |
|
Interrupted |
|
Connected |
|
Task 3
Add the correct suffix to the following words.
Parent |
|
Child |
|
National |
|
Home |
|
Friend |
|
Task 4
Transform these words by adding suffixes or prefixes.
Kind (adj) |
|
Inform (v) |
|
Slow (adj) |
|
Install (v) |
|
Picture (n) |
|
Fruit (n) |
|
Head (n) |
|
Circle (v) |
|
Cycle (v) |
|
Green (adj) |
|
- Spell Check
Input
Different Spelling
If you look up the word judgment in the dictionary, you will see that there are two different spellings for this word. Both of them are correct, but judgment is the more common spelling, so it is written first.
judgment, judgement 1. the ability to decide correctly: I can’t make that decision for you; you’ll have to use your judgment. 2 an opinion: to form a judgment 3 an official decision given by a judge of a court of law: he passed judgment on the accused man.
Task 5
Judgment generalize enroll fulfill organise
Judgement generalise enrol fulfil organize
Find these words in the dictionary. Put a tick ( / ) against the most common spelling.
colour BrE// color AmeE, the quality which allows one to see the difference between (for example) a red flower and a blue flower when both are the same size and shape.
British and American spellings.
Task 6
Look up these words in the dictionary. Which spelling would a British person use? Which spelling would an American use?
Theatre / theater
Rumour / rumor
Center / centre
Humour / humor
Color / colour
Program / programme
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